History and technology:
The Beginning:
Eadweard Muybridge:
Eadweard Muybridge invented the zoopraxiscope in 1878. This device had the ability to capture quick photographs, which depicted a fluid motion. Muybridge developed a multi lens-camera in which he was able to capture animal and human movements. The Zoopraxiscope was a sigificant innovation which was invented by Muybridge. This innovation projected rapid images in a rapid motion that was printed on a rotating disk. This display was an important predecessor of the modern camera and motion picture device.
Etienne-Jules Marey:
Etienne-Jules Marey followed in Muybridge’s footsteps. He also used chronophotography to portray a motion picture. Marey, however, created a more precise device that allowed him to take up to twelve pictures per second. This device was named the chronophotographic gun.
Thomas Edison:
Thomas Edison created nearly 1,600 motion picture movies. He also created his own movie making company with his patented phonograph in 1904.
He also created the cinemaphone in 1908 and the kinetophone in 1913. He was able to project these motion picture devices. His assistent was W.K.L. Dickson. Dickson helped Thomas Edison with many of the experiments. Both of them developed the Kinetoscope. The Kinetoscope became a popular device that provided entertainment. The very first kinetoscope parlor was opened on April 14, 1984, in New York City.
George Eastman:
Invented the American paper roll film in 1888. This motion picture device allowed him to take up to twenty photographs per second.
Lumiere Brothers:
Created Universal Pictures and established a studio in Los Angeles. He is still considered one of Hollywood’s first film producers and business men.
The Lumiere brothers established the first motion picture cinema. The Lumiere Brothers were inspired by Thomas Edison and his invention of the kinetoscope. However, they both wanted to reduce the weight and size of the motion picture device. They also sought to increase the number of viewers that could watch their product, unlike the single viewer that watched through the kinetoscope. They patented their new Cinematographe on February 13, 1895. On December 28, 1895, in the Grand Café on the Boulevard des Capucines, the first public screening occurred where many people viewed the new invention. After this major invention, both brothers began to sell and manufacture their product to the public and potential customers.
Edwin S Porter:
This man worked in the Vitascope Marketing Company as an electrical engineer. He was a projectionist in the beginning of his career. He began to create many popular films through his gifted ability to edit and film movies. One of the most famous and impactful movies he made was "The Great Train Robbery". This film was the first epic Western movie to be made. "The Great Train Robbery included excellent camera movements, climax, script, and editing. Edwin S Porter made many more films later on and revolutionized the ways and methods in which motion pictures were created.
Nationalism:
Movies: The Terrorist (1998): An Indian Tamil talks about a nineteen year old girl who is recruited to bomb Rajiv Ghandi. This was a suicide mission and it represents the mind set and motivation behind suicide bombers and the process in which they are recruited.
The Beginning:
Eadweard Muybridge:
Eadweard Muybridge invented the zoopraxiscope in 1878. This device had the ability to capture quick photographs, which depicted a fluid motion. Muybridge developed a multi lens-camera in which he was able to capture animal and human movements. The Zoopraxiscope was a sigificant innovation which was invented by Muybridge. This innovation projected rapid images in a rapid motion that was printed on a rotating disk. This display was an important predecessor of the modern camera and motion picture device.
Etienne-Jules Marey:
Etienne-Jules Marey followed in Muybridge’s footsteps. He also used chronophotography to portray a motion picture. Marey, however, created a more precise device that allowed him to take up to twelve pictures per second. This device was named the chronophotographic gun.
Thomas Edison:
Thomas Edison created nearly 1,600 motion picture movies. He also created his own movie making company with his patented phonograph in 1904.
He also created the cinemaphone in 1908 and the kinetophone in 1913. He was able to project these motion picture devices. His assistent was W.K.L. Dickson. Dickson helped Thomas Edison with many of the experiments. Both of them developed the Kinetoscope. The Kinetoscope became a popular device that provided entertainment. The very first kinetoscope parlor was opened on April 14, 1984, in New York City.
George Eastman:
Invented the American paper roll film in 1888. This motion picture device allowed him to take up to twenty photographs per second.
Lumiere Brothers:
Created Universal Pictures and established a studio in Los Angeles. He is still considered one of Hollywood’s first film producers and business men.
The Lumiere brothers established the first motion picture cinema. The Lumiere Brothers were inspired by Thomas Edison and his invention of the kinetoscope. However, they both wanted to reduce the weight and size of the motion picture device. They also sought to increase the number of viewers that could watch their product, unlike the single viewer that watched through the kinetoscope. They patented their new Cinematographe on February 13, 1895. On December 28, 1895, in the Grand Café on the Boulevard des Capucines, the first public screening occurred where many people viewed the new invention. After this major invention, both brothers began to sell and manufacture their product to the public and potential customers.
Edwin S Porter:
This man worked in the Vitascope Marketing Company as an electrical engineer. He was a projectionist in the beginning of his career. He began to create many popular films through his gifted ability to edit and film movies. One of the most famous and impactful movies he made was "The Great Train Robbery". This film was the first epic Western movie to be made. "The Great Train Robbery included excellent camera movements, climax, script, and editing. Edwin S Porter made many more films later on and revolutionized the ways and methods in which motion pictures were created.
Nationalism:
Movies: The Terrorist (1998): An Indian Tamil talks about a nineteen year old girl who is recruited to bomb Rajiv Ghandi. This was a suicide mission and it represents the mind set and motivation behind suicide bombers and the process in which they are recruited.
When Taekwondo Strkes (1973): This movie takes place when Japan occupied Korea during the second world war. This story is when a Korean nationalist tries to rescue a Korean priest who is being tortured by the Japanese.
Miracle (2004): This movie takes place during the 1980 Winter Olympics. An American former hockey player returns to the ice as a coach and coaches the United States men's hockey team. However, he has a great challenge as the USSR has been dominant in this sport. This game is predicted to be a blowout by the USSR, however, the United States win this game. Movie shows nationalism in a sports environment and in a global context.
Rocky IV: This movie is considered the greatest movie of all time. Rocky Balboa returns to fight the giant Ivan Drago. Rocky is angered that Ivan Drago killed his friend Apollo Creed in the ring, and he is willing to sacrifice his life for this fight. Ivan Drago is the symbolism of Soviet superiority and Rocky Balboa is the symbolism of American heart and bravery. Nationalism is expressed heavily in a boxing atmosphere and in the global context. Rocky ends up defeating the monster Ivan Drago. After the fight, Rocky expresses that if he can change, "than everyone can change". This quote refers to the Cold War. Rocky ends up retiring after this, but will of coarse fight in two more fights in Rocky V (1990) and in Rocky Balboa (2006).
Entertainment:
Georges Melies: Made the first film with added special effects. This movie was Le Voyage Dans La Lune - A Trip to the Moon (1902). This film innovated the way future film were made. People this movie and were amazed by the storyline, special effects, and the characters. Entertainment increased greatly.
Georges Melies: Made the first film with added special effects. This movie was Le Voyage Dans La Lune - A Trip to the Moon (1902). This film innovated the way future film were made. People this movie and were amazed by the storyline, special effects, and the characters. Entertainment increased greatly.
The Great Train Robbery (1903): Produced and edited by Edwin S Porter, this film incorporated a narrative, fictional context (film was based on a real train heist), first real Western narrative storyline, used rear projection, first movie that became a "smash hit", included a Western movie star in Gilbert M. Anderson, and had innovative editing techniques and effects. This was the first film to be on top of the charts, if you will. Entertainment in the movie industry increased after this blockbuster film.
The Story of the Kelly Gang (1906): This was the first full feature length film that was ever made. Most movie makers in the early ages of its history were afraid to make movies that were longer than an hour because they feared that an audience would lose their patience in an atmosphere of that nature. Therefore, it took a while for the first film over an hour to be made. This revolutionized movie entertainment throughout the world. This movie was made and released in Australia.
Les Miserables (1909): This was the first full length feature film in the United States.
Primary Sources:
“one of the country’s most important industries and an important medium not merely for public entertainment but also for the development of an informed public".
- FCC (Federal Communications Commission), 1948.
“any frequenter of newsstands must have noticed in recent years a new crop of periodicals. These are the fan magazines which feed off that newest and rising art, television.”
- Broadcasting and Telecasting, Earl B. Abrams, 1954.
- World Market Statistics
BELOW!
“one of the country’s most important industries and an important medium not merely for public entertainment but also for the development of an informed public".
- FCC (Federal Communications Commission), 1948.
“any frequenter of newsstands must have noticed in recent years a new crop of periodicals. These are the fan magazines which feed off that newest and rising art, television.”
- Broadcasting and Telecasting, Earl B. Abrams, 1954.
- World Market Statistics
BELOW!